Sicilian Mesolithic DNA!!!!

[JeanL]

Origin and  of the Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers on the Mediterranean Island of Favignana (Ègadi Islands, Sicily)

Hunter-gatherers living in Europe during the transition from the late Pleistocene to the Holocene intensified food acquisition by broadening the range of resources exploited to include marine taxa. However, little is known on the nature of this dietary change in the Mediterranean Basin. A key area to investigate this issue is the archipelago of the Ègadi Islands, most of which were connected to Sicily until the early Holocene. The site of Grotta d’Oriente, on the present-day island of Favignana, was occupied by hunter-gatherers when Postglacial environmental changes were taking place (14,000-7,500 cal BP). Here we present the results of AMS radiocarbon dating, palaeogenetic and isotopic analyses undertaken on skeletal remains of the humans buried at Grotta d’Oriente. Analyses of the mitochondrial hypervariable first region of individual Oriente B, which belongs to the HV-1 haplogroup, suggest for the first time on genetic grounds that humans living in Sicily during the early Holocene could have originated from groups that migrated from the Italian Peninsula around the Last Glacial Maximum. Carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses show that the Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic hunter-gatherers of Favignana consumed almost exclusively protein from terrestrial game and that there was only a slight increase in marine food consumption from the late Pleistocene to the early Holocene. This dietary change was similar in scale to that at sites on mainland Sicily and in the rest of the Mediterranean, suggesting that the hunter-gatherers of Grotta d’Oriente did not modify their subsistence strategies specifically to adapt to the progressive isolation of Favignana. The limited development of technologies for intensively exploiting marine resources was probably a consequence both of Mediterranean oligotrophy and of the small effective population size of these increasingly isolated human groups, which made innovation less likely and prevented transmission of fitness-enhancing adaptations.

[Maliclavelli]

I thanked Gail Tonnesen on Anthrogenica, and I thank you here:


Ancient mtDNA from a Hunter-Gatherer in Sicily

    They tested HVR1 for one sample dating to about 10,000 ybp and found it to be HV1.

    Origin and  of the Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers on the Mediterranean Island of Favignana (Ègadi Islands, Sicily)

[Maliclavelli]

I thanked Gail Tonnesen on Anthrogenica, and I thank you here:


Ancient mtDNA from a Hunter-Gatherer in Sicily

    They tested HVR1 for one sample dating to about 10,000 ybp and found it to be HV1.

    Origin and  of the Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers on the Mediterranean Island of Favignana (Ègadi Islands, Sicily)

Thanks, Gail, for posting this. I support from many years, practically against everyone, that R0a, HV1a'b'c, etc ., are from Italy. This is my theory of the Italian Refugium.

Rathna in Indian does mean Gioiello

[Maliclavelli]

This pearl from the paper: “The HV-1 haplogroup, which belongs to the HV-family, is absent in most of Europe and India and it seems to have an epicentre of frequency and diversity in the Trans-Caucasus area. This suggests that the ancestors of the hunter-gatherers of Favignana might ultimately have originated from the Near East and Caucasus region” (p. 6).
Evidently in Italian University the pupils of Cavalli Sforza and Barbujani are numerous.
Of course Hg. HV1 is overwhelmingly Italian (and European). These haplotypes on Ian Logan spreadsheet, but the same from SMGF and Mitosearch:

      HV1 8014T 15218 16067
 21. AY738943(Italy) Achilli               HV1      13-APR-2007    A263G 309.1C 315.1C                     A1438G A2706G               A4769G               C7028T A7569G A8014T T8376C A8860G               G9755A A13535G         A15218G A15326G         C16067T                 T16519C
 22. EF660936(Italy) Gasparre              HV1      04-JUL-2007    A263G 309.1C 315.1C               A750G A1438G A2706G T3906C        A4769G T5483C T6956C C7028T        A8014T        A8860G T9018C                       G15140A A15218G A15326G A15805G C16067T G16129A C16242T
 23. JF320654(Armenian) FTDNA              HV1      05-MAR-2011    A263G        315.1C 523.1C 523.2A A750G A1438G A2706G        A4766G A4769G               C7028T        A8014T        A8860G        G9548A  A15326G         C16067T

 HV1a 8277
 24. JF316743(Armenian) FTDNA              HV1a     05-MAR-2011    A93G A263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C A508G A750G A1438G A2706G G4596A A4769G C7028T A8014T T8277C 8278.1C 8278.2C A8860G A15218G A15326G C16067T T16249C

  HV1b 12696
 34. AY738942(Italy) Achilli               HV1b     13-APR-2007    C150T A263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C A750G A1438G A2706G T3290C        A4769G A5134G        C6263T C7028T A8014T A8860G C9585T T12696C A15218G A15326G C16067T
 35. EF657609 mtDNA44(Europe) Herrnstadt   HV1b     14-JUL-2007                                     A750G A1438G A2706G        A3547G A4769G        G6023A        C7028T A8014T A8860G        T12696C A15218G A15326G
 36. EF657676 mtDNA50(Europe) Herrnstadt   HV1b     14-JUL-2007                                     A750G A1438G A2706G        A3547G A4769G        G6023A        C7028T A8014T A8860G        T12696C A15218G A15326G